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Osteotomy is performed in severe and rigid scoliotic and kyphotic deformities. Before the popularization of such techniques, severe curves where either left untreated or fused as is. Now, performing osteotomies with instrumented fusion, such deformities can substantially be corrected. However, due to the increased risk of neurological injuries, osteotomies should be performed by experienced surgeons in specialized clinics.
In osteotomy surgeries, the planned part of the vertebra is resected and the osteotomy sites are closed bone-to-bone to achieve correction. The main aim is to achieve a balanced and stable spine, and achieve bony fusion. Osteotomies can be done via a posterior- or anterior-only approach, or both approaches can be used based on the location and amount of the planned correction. All osteotomy surgeries must be monitored neurologically.
The preparation process for the osteotomy surgery is very similar to that of the routine scoliosis surgery. MRI scan can be necessary in addition to X-rays. The post-operation recovery period might be slightly longer. Most patients can be discharged after one week.