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Loss of cervical lordosis is not a disease, but rather a symptom that may accompany other spinal diseases and conditions causing pain.
Muscular spasm at the paraspinal muscles is the typical reflex to any painful spinal condition that aims to decrease movement and thus pain. The spine may seem flattened in X-rays due to this muscular spasm. When the underlying condition is treated and muscle spasm is relieved, the loss of cervical lordosis may resolve without the need for additional treatment.